英语翻译Taboo一词原是玻利尼西亚汤加语,意思是"需要极端注意的事".英国航海家James Cook于1977年航行到南太平洋的汤加岛,发现并记录了该地有关Taboo的种种现象.Taboo现象包括两个方面,即语言

英语翻译Taboo一词原是玻利尼西亚汤加语,意思是"需要极端注意的事".英国航海家James Cook于1977年航行到南太平洋的汤加岛,发现并记录了该地有关Taboo的种种现象.Taboo现象包括两个方面,即语言
英语翻译
Taboo一词原是玻利尼西亚汤加语,意思是"需要极端注意的事".英国航海家James Cook于1977年航行到南太平洋的汤加岛,发现并记录了该地有关Taboo的种种现象.Taboo现象包括两个方面,即语言的灵物崇拜和语言的禁用和代用.语言作为一种符号系统,是人们用作交际的工具,本身并没有什么神奇的力量.为什么人们会崇拜语言?为什么会出现语言的禁用和代用?从人们对语言的最初认识中我们可以发现语言禁忌产生的基础.关于语言的起源问题,历来存在两种看法.由此形成了两大派别.即习惯派和自然派.习惯派认为,语言和意义的结合是任意的,两者并没有内在的联系,是约定俗成的.而自然派认为,语言起源于自然声音的模仿.语音和意义的结合是一种必然的联系.他们认为音和意之间寸在着一种内在对应联系.现在人们普遍赞同习惯派的观点,认为音意的结合是任意的.但在远古的蛮荒时代,人们对语言的本质不可能有清楚的认识,不知语言为何物,认为语言和大自忍的风声,雨声一样,具有超自然的神力.既然自然派认为语言中的音和意之间寸在着一种内在的对应关系,那么语言和所指物之间就是一种等同的关系.这样一来,语言就变成了具有某种超人力量的符号.假如行船之人说了"帆(翻),陈(沉)"之类的字眼,那么就会不幸言中.假如在书写时将人名换行分开写就会要人命.因为人名和人是一体的.这种语言灵物崇拜就是语言禁忌的由来.在此,语言成了崇拜的对象,如果人们触犯了这种具有超人神力的语言,就会受到其制裁.
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英语翻译Taboo一词原是玻利尼西亚汤加语,意思是"需要极端注意的事".英国航海家James Cook于1977年航行到南太平洋的汤加岛,发现并记录了该地有关Taboo的种种现象.Taboo现象包括两个方面,即语言
The Taboo a phrase originally the second soup of the benefit west adds the language, the meaning is" need the extreme and advertent matter".The British navigator James Cook sails the soup of the south Pacific Ocean to add the island in 1977, discovering to record that ground of various phenomenon concerning Taboo also.The phenomenon of Taboo includes two aspects, working properly the thing adoration and languages to forbid to use and substitute namely phonetically.The language is a kind of sign system, is the tool that the people used to the social intercourse, oneself have no what miraculous power.Why would the people worship the language?Why would appear the language to forbid to use and substitute?From the people to the first understanding of the language we can discover the output foundation of the language taboo.Concerning the origins problem of the language, exist two kinds of viewpoints in times gone by.Became the two greatest groups from here.Send habitually namely and nature parties.Send to think habitually, it is aleatoric that language combine with the meaning, both have no inside contact, is something to be established by usage.But nature the parties think, the language originates the nature the mimicry of the voice.It is a kind of inevitable contact that speech combine with the meaning.They think an inch of the sound and idea at wear a kind of inside rightness and should contact.Now the standpoint that widespread approval of people habitually send, think it is aleatoric that the sound idea combine.But wild ages in time immemorial, it is impossible for the people's essence to the language to contain clear understanding, don't know language why thing, think that the language is similar to heavily from the information that endure, rain voice, have the supernatural divine power.Now that the nature parties thinks an inch of the sound and the idea in the language at wear a kind of inside of to should relate to, so the language and of the thing point is a kind of wait together of relation.By so doing, the language becomes to have the sign of a certain superman power.If the person who sail a boat said the words of" fan( turn over), Chen( sink)" its type, will have the misfortune to the speech so medium.If while write write the personal name carriage return separately the meeting important person life.Because the personal name and person is an integral whole of.This kind of language works properly the thing adoration is the cause of the language taboo.At this, the language became the adoring object, if the people violated this kind of language that has the superman divine power, will be subjected to its sanctions.