中国古代神话三则翻译

中国古代神话三则翻译
中国古代神话三则翻译

中国古代神话三则翻译
夸父逐日
古时候.北方有一个巨人,名叫夸父,双耳挂着两条黄蛇,手里拿着两条黄蛇,住在一个荒凉的山上.
夸父生性喜欢探求.有一天,他突然产生了一个念头,想看看太阳究竟是个什么样子.他迈开双腿,象一阵风似的跑起来,眨眼之间就跑出了几百里.
夸父一心要追上太阳,夸父一直追到禹峪(也称虞渊).这是太阳落下的地方,落日象一团火球,烤得夸父口干舌燥.他渴得要死,跑到黄河去喝水,黄河的水不够喝,他又赶到渭河.渭河的水也喝于了,还是不解渴.他又往北方的大泽赶.没有来得及赶到大泽,就在半路上渴死了.
夸父死的时候,丢掉了手里的拐杖,拐杖落下的地方,变成了一片桃林.夸父的尸体变成了一座大山,后人称为夸父山.桃林、夸父山都在现在的灵宝市.灵宝市古时候叫做桃林县,从函谷关以西直到华阴,三百里间桃林茂盛.夸父山在灵宝市阳平镇东南灵湖峪和池峪之间.
Kua Fu Pursuing Sun
Long long ago, north has a giant, called Kua Fu(Braggadocio Father), ears are hanging two yellow snakes, hands are holding two yellow snakes, is living in a desolate mountain.
Kua Fu is naturally keen into exploration. One day, he suddenly had an idea, he want to see exactly what the sun is like. He starts to move the legs, running like a gust of wind. In a short period as blink of an eye, he ran hundreds of miles away.
Kua Fu sets the goal to catch up with the sun. He keeps running until reaches Yu Yu Valley (also known as Yu Yuan Valley). This is the place where the sun sets. The setting sun is like a ball of fire, roasting Kua Fu, lets him feel thirsty. He is dying of thirst, therefore he runs to the Yellow River to drink. The water of the whole Yellow River is not adequate to cease his thirst, then he rushes to the Weihe River. He has drunk all the Weihe River water. It does not quench thirst, either. He went to Daze (Immense Lake) in the north. Not in time to arrive there, he died of thirst on the half way.
Kua Fu died and lost the walking stick in his hands. The place where crutches drop turns into a peach orchard. Kua Fu's body turns into a mountain which later known as the Kuafu Hill. Peach orchard and Kua Fu Hill locates in Lingbao City in nowadays. Lingbao City (Spirit/Supernatural Treasury City) , in ancient times, called the Tao Lin Town (Peach Orchard Town). The area ranging from the west of Han Gu Guan (Letter Valley Pass) to Hua Yin (Magnificent Shadow)has three hundreds miles of flourish peach orchard. Kuafu mountain lays between Ling Hu (Spirit/Supernatural Lake) which is in the southeast of Yang Pin Town (Sun/Positive Level/Horizontal Town) in Lingbao Cityand the Chi Yu (Lake/Pool Valley).
参考资料-夸父：百度百科 http://baike.baidu.com/view/14960.htm
精卫填海
《山海经》古文：又北二百里,曰发鸠之山①,其上多柘木②,有鸟焉,其状如乌,⑦文首,白喙,赤足,名曰：“精卫”,其鸣自詨（音同“萧”）③.是④炎帝之少女⑤,名曰女娃.女 娃游于东海,溺而不返,故为精卫,常衔西山之木石,以堙⑥于东海.漳水出漹,东流注于河.——山海经
译文：再向北走二百里,有座山叫发鸠山,山上长了很多柘树.树林里有一种鸟,它的形状像乌鸦,头上羽毛有花纹,白色的嘴,红色的脚,名叫精卫,它的叫声像在呼唤自己的名字.这其实是炎帝小女儿的化身,名叫女娃.有一次,女娃去东海游玩,溺水身亡,再也没有回来,所以化为精卫鸟.经常叼着西山上的树枝和石块,用来填塞东海.浊漳河就发源于发鸠山,向东流去,注入黄河.
Jing Wei Fills Sea
From two hundred miles further toward north, there is a mountain called Fa Jiu Mountain (Start/Departure Turtledove Mountain). Lots of Zhe trees (Cudrania triloba ) grow there. A kind of bird lives in the forest. It shapes like a crow, with patterns on feathers of its head, white mouth, red feet, named Jing Wei (Spirit Defence/Protection). It chirpings like calling its own name. In fact, it is the embodiment of Yan Di (Flame/Inflammation Emperor)'s daughter, named Nv Wa (Baby Girl). Once, Nv Wa plays at the East China Sea, drowned, never return, so she turns into the Jing Wei bird. She often hold the tree branches and rocks from the Western Hills in her mouth, flies to fill the East China Sea until it becomes land.Zhuo Zhang River (Turbid Zhang River) originates from the Fa Jiu Mountain, flowing to the east, converges into the Yellow River.
参考资料：百度百科-精卫填海 http://baike.baidu.com/view/1130.htm
共工怒触不周山
颛顼世系属黄帝,因此共工与帝颛顼为争权夺利而引发的帝位之争,也可算作炎黄之战的继续（一说在这场战争中共工的对手是火神祝融）.帝颛顼认为,他是部族中至高无上的权威,整个部族应当只听从他一个人的号令,共工不能自作主张.于是,颛顼与共工之间发生了一场十分激烈的斗争.
共工在力气上比颛顼要强,但他却不如颛顼有智谋.颛顼利用鬼神的说法,鼓动部落民众,叫他们不要相信共工.残暴的共工败给了颛顼,恼羞成怒,不肯善罢甘休.他一怒之下撞向不周山[2].一声巨响后,不周山被共工猛然一撞,立即拦腰折断,整个山体崩塌下来,结果是“天柱折,地维绝”,西北方的天空倾斜,因此日月星辰都落向西方；东南的陆地下沉,所以大江大河都从西向东,流入大海.在此之后,女娲不得不取石补天以重新稳定宇宙万物的秩序.
Gong Gong (Common/Share Worker/Labor) Ragefully Collides With Bu Zhou Mountain (Not Complete Mountain)
Zhuan Xu (Good Vertex) Is the descendant of Huang Di (Yellow Emperor ).Thereby, the dispute of throne which is the struggle for power between Gong Gong and the Emperor Zhuan Xu, can be counted as a continuation of the War of Yan Huang (Yan Di and Huang Di which is Flame Emperor and Yellow Emperor) (some says Gong Gong's opponents in this war is Vulcan Zhu Rong (Celebrate Melting)). Zhuan Xu thinks that he is the supreme authority of the tribes, the tribes should just listen to orders from his person, Gong Gong can not be given a free hand. Thus, Zhuan Xu and Gong Gong trigger a very fierce battle.
Gong Gong has stronger strength than Zhuan Xu, but he has less resourcefulness than Zhuan Xu. Zhuan Xu utilizes the sayings of supernatural beings, encouraging tribal people, told them not to believe Gong Gong. Brutal Gong Gong is defeated by Zhuan Xu, becomes furious and refuses to let go. He crashed into Bu Zhou Mountain. After a huge blare, by the suddent hit of Gong Gong , the mountain is immediately broken down and departs into two parts from the middle. The whole mountain comes crashing down. The result is "the pillar sustaining sky is broken off, the four corner of ground collapses " . The northwest sky tilts, the moon and stars slip to the west, Southeast land sinks into subsidence. Therefore, by and by, all rivers flows from west to east, then infuse into the sea. Afterwards, the Nv Wa (Sky Goddess) refines some stones to patch the sky in order to re-stabilize the order the universe.
参考资料：wikipedia-共工氏

女娲补天
NvWa Mends the Sky
In ancient times, the four corners of the sky collapsed and the world with its nine regions split open. The sky could not cover all the things under it, nor could the e...

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女娲补天
NvWa Mends the Sky
In ancient times, the four corners of the sky collapsed and the world with its nine regions split open. The sky could not cover all the things under it, nor could the earth carry all the things on it. A great fire raged and would not die out; a fierce flood raced about and could not be checked. Savage beasts devoured innocent people; vicious birds preyed on the weak and old.
Then N?Wa melted rocks of five colours and used them to mend the cracks in the sky. She supported the four corners of the sky with the legs she had cut off from a giant turtle. She killed the black dragon to save the people of Jizhou(1), and blocked the flood with the ashes of reeds. Thus the sky was mended, its four corners lifted, the flood tamed, Jizhou pacified, and harmful birds and beasts killed, and the innocent people were able to live on the square earth under the dome of the sky. It was a time when birds, beasts, insects and snakes no longer used their claws or teeth or poisonous stings, for they did not want to catch or eat weaker things.
NvWa's deeds benefited the heavens above and the earth below. Her name was remembered by later generations and her light shone on every creation. Now she was travelling on a thunder-chariot drawn by a two-winged dragon and two green hornless dragons, with auspicious objects in her hands and a special mattress underneath, surrounded by golden clouds, a white dragon leading the way and a flying snake following behind. Floating freely over the clouds, she took ghosts and gods to the ninth heaven and had an audience with the Heavenly Emperor at Lin Men(2), where she rested in peace and dignity under the emperor. She never boasted of her achievements, nor did she try to win any renown; she wanted to conceal her virtues, in line with the ways of the universe.
汉董永
Don Yong's Wife
In the Han Dynasty in Qiancheng lived a man by the name of Dong Yong. His mother died when he was a child. While living with his father, he worked hard in the fields. Each time they went out, he would put his old father on a small cart and follow it on foot. When his father died, he was willing to sell himself into slavery for a little money for the funeral. Knowing that he was a virtuous man, his master gave him ten thousand coins and allowed him to go home.
Dong was in mourning for three years. When it was over, he decided to return to his master to work as a slave. On his way he met a woman who said to him, "I am willing to marry you." So they went together to his master. "I have given you money," the master said to him. "Thanks to your generous help," Dong said, "I was able to bury my father. Although I am a man of low birth, I know I ought to work for you to repay your kindness." Then the master asked, "What is your wife good at?" "She can weave," Dong answered. "If you insist on doing something for me," said the master. "please ask your wife to weave a hundred bolts of fine silk for me." Dong's wife set to work in the master's house. Ten days later the hundred bolts were ready.
When she came out, she said to Dong, "I am a weaver in Heaven. The Emperor of Heaven ordered me to help you pay your debt because he was moved by your filial piety." After saying these words she flew into the sky and vanished.
from Gan Bao's Sou shen ji (Stories of Immortals)
盘古开天辟地
Pangu Separates the Sky from the Earth
The sky and the earth were at first one blurred entity like an egg. Pangu was born into it. The separation of the sky and the earth took eighteen thousand years-the yang which was light and pure rose to become the sky, and the yin which was heavy and murky sank to form the earth. Between them was Pangu, who went through nine changes every day, his wisdom greater than that of the sky and his ability greater than that of the earth. Every day the sky rose ten feet higher, the earth became ten feet thicker, and Pangu grew ten feet taller. Another eighteen thousand years passed, and there was an extremely high sky, an extremely thick earth, and an extremely tall Pangu. Then came the Three Emperors(1).
So these numbers came into existence and evolve like this. The numb or begins with one, becomes established at three, is completed at five, prospers at seven, and ends in nine. So the sky is ninety thousand li(2) from the earth.
from yi wen lei ju (Classified Anthology of Literary Works)

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